各ブラウザには、カスタムCapabilityと固有の機能があります。
これは、このセクションの複数ページの印刷可能なビューです。 印刷するには、ここをクリックしてください.
対応ブラウザ
- 1: Chrome固有の機能
- 2: Edge固有の機能
- 3: Firefox 固有のCapability
- 4: IE specific functionality
- 5: Safari specific functionality
1 - Chrome固有の機能
デフォルトでは、Selenium 4 は Chrome v75 以降と互換性があります。 Chromeブラウザのバージョンと chromedriverのバージョンは、メジャーバージョンと一致する必要があることに注意してください。
Options
全てのブラウザに共通のCapabilityについては、オプション ページで説明しています。
Chrome に固有のCapabilityは、Google のCapabilities & ChromeOptionsページにあります。
基本的な定義済みオプションを使用してChromeセッションを開始すると、次のようになります。
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
var options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
const Options = new Chrome.Options();
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(Options)
.build();
さまざまなCapabilityを備えた一般的な使用例をいくつか示します。
引数
The args
parameter is for a list of command line switches to be used when starting the browser.
There are two excellent resources for investigating these arguments:
Commonly used args include --start-maximized
, --headless=new
and --user-data-dir=...
Add an argument to options:
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
options.AddArgument("--start-maximized");
options.args << '--maximize'
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.addArguments('--headless=new'))
.build();
指定したロケーションでブラウザを起動する
binary
パラメーターは、使用するブラウザの別のロケーションのパスを取ります。
このパラメーターを使用すると、chromedriver を使用して、さまざまな Chromium ベースのブラウザを駆動できます。
オプションにブラウザのロケーションを追加します。
options.setBinary(getChromeLocation());
options.binary_location = CHROME_LOCATION
options.BinaryLocation = GetChromeLocation();
options.binary = chrome_location
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.setChromeBinaryPath(`Path to chrome binary`))
.build();
拡張機能を追加する
extensions
パラメーターはcrxファイルを受け入れます
The extensions
parameter accepts crx files. As for unpacked directories,
please use the load-extension
argument instead, as mentioned in
this post.
オプションに拡張機能を追加します。
options.addExtensions(extensionPath);
options.add_extension(path)
options.AddExtension(extensionFilePath);
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
const options = new Chrome.Options();
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.addExtensions(['./test/resources/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx']))
.build();
ブラウザを開いたままにする
detach
パラメータをtrueに設定すると、ドライバープロセスが終了した後もブラウザを開いたままにできます。
Note: This is already the default behavior in Java.
options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
Note: This is already the default behavior in .NET.
options.detach = true
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.detachDriver(true))
.build();
引数を除外する
Chrome はさまざまな引数を追加します。
これらの引数を追加したくない場合は、それらを excludeSwitches
に渡します。
一般的な例は、ポップアップブロッカーをオンに設定することです。
A full list of default arguments can be parsed from the Chromium Source Code
オプションに除外された引数を設定します。
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", ImmutableList.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['disable-popup-blocking'])
options.AddExcludedArgument("disable-popup-blocking");
options.exclude_switches << 'enable-automation'
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.excludeSwitches('enable-automation'))
.build();
Service
Examples for creating a default Service object, and for setting driver location and port can be found on the Driver Service page.
Log output
Getting driver logs can be helpful for debugging issues. The Service class lets you direct where the logs will go. Logging output is ignored unless the user directs it somewhere.
File output
To change the logging output to save to a specific file:
.withLogFile(getLogLocation())
Note: Java also allows setting file output by System Property:
Property key: ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY
Property value: String representing path to log file
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
Console output
To change the logging output to display in the console as STDOUT:
.withLogOutput(System.out)
Note: Java also allows setting console output by System Property;
Property key: ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY
Property value: DriverService.LOG_STDOUT
or DriverService.LOG_STDERR
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
$stdout
and $stderr
are both valid values
service.log = $stdout
Log level
There are 6 available log levels: ALL
, DEBUG
, INFO
, WARNING
, SEVERE
, and OFF
.
Note that --verbose
is equivalent to --log-level=ALL
and --silent
is equivalent to --log-level=OFF
,
so this example is just setting the log level generically:
.withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG)
Note: Java also allows setting log level by System Property:
Property key: ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY
Property value: String representation of ChromiumDriverLogLevel
enum
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--log-level=DEBUG'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
Log file features
There are 2 features that are only available when logging to a file:
- append log
- readable timestamps
To use them, you need to also explicitly specify the log path and log level. The log output will be managed by the driver, not the process, so minor differences may be seen.
.withAppendLog(true)
.withReadableTimestamp(true)
Note: Java also allows toggling these features by System Property:
Property keys: ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_APPEND_LOG_PROPERTY
and ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_READABLE_TIMESTAMP
Property value: "true"
or "false"
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--append-log', '--readable-timestamp'], log_output=log_path)
service.args << '--append-log'
service.args << '--readable-timestamp'
Disabling build check
Chromedriver and Chrome browser versions should match, and if they don’t the driver will error. If you disable the build check, you can force the driver to be used with any version of Chrome. Note that this is an unsupported feature, and bugs will not be investigated.
.withBuildCheckDisabled(true)
Note: Java also allows disabling build checks by System Property:
Property key: ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_DISABLE_BUILD_CHECK
Property value: "true"
or "false"
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--disable-build-check'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
service.DisableBuildCheck = true;
Special Features
キャスティング
タブの共有など、Chrome Castデバイスを操作できます。
ネットワークの状態
さまざまなネットワークの状態をシミュレートできます。
The following examples are for local webdrivers. For remote webdrivers, please refer to the Remote WebDriver page.
ログ
パーミッション
デベロッパー ツール
Chromeデベロッパーツールの使用に関する詳細については、Chromeデベロッパー ツールセクションを参照してください。
2 - Edge固有の機能
Microsoft EdgeはChromiumで実装されており、サポートされている最も古いバージョンはv79です。 Chromeと同様に、edgedriverのメジャー バージョン番号は、Edgeブラウザのメジャーバージョンと一致する必要があります。
Chromeページ にあるすべての機能とオプションは、Edgeでも機能します。
オプション
Capabilities common to all browsers are described on the Options page.
Capabilities unique to Chromium are documented at Google’s page for Capabilities & ChromeOptions
基本的な定義済みオプションを使用して Edgeセッションを開始すると、次のようになります。
EdgeOptions options = new EdgeOptions();
driver = new EdgeDriver(options);
options = webdriver.EdgeOptions()
driver = webdriver.Edge(options=options)
var options = new EdgeOptions();
driver = new EdgeDriver(options);
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.edge
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :edge, options: options
driver = await env.builder()
.setEdgeOptions(options)
.build();
});
引数
The args
parameter is for a list of command line switches to be used when starting the browser.
There are two excellent resources for investigating these arguments:
一般的に使用される引数には、--start-maximized
および --headless=new
が含まれます。 and --user-data-dir=...
オプションに引数を追加します。
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
options.AddArgument("--start-maximized");
options.args << '--maximize'
Start browser in a specified location
The binary
parameter takes the path of an alternate location of browser to use. With this parameter you can
use chromedriver to drive various Chromium based browsers.
Add a browser location to options:
options.setBinary(getEdgeLocation());
options.binary_location = EDGE_LOCATION
options.BinaryLocation = GetEdgeLocation();
options.binary = edge_location
Add extensions
The extensions
parameter accepts crx files. As for unpacked directories,
please use the load-extension
argument instead, as mentioned in
this post.
Add an extension to options:
options.addExtensions(extensionPath);
options.add_extension(path)
options.AddExtension(extensionFilePath);
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
Keeping browser open
Setting the detach
parameter to true will keep the browser open after the process has ended,
so long as the quit command is not sent to the driver.
Note: This is already the default behavior in Java.
Note: This is already the default behavior in .NET.
options.detach = true
Excluding arguments
MSEdgedriver has several default arguments it uses to start the browser.
If you do not want those arguments added, pass them into excludeSwitches
.
A common example is to turn the popup blocker back on. A full list of default arguments
can be parsed from the
Chromium Source Code
Set excluded arguments on options:
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", ImmutableList.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
driver = webdriver.Edge(options=options)
options.AddExcludedArgument("disable-popup-blocking");
options.exclude_switches << 'enable-automation'
Service
Examples for creating a default Service object, and for setting driver location and port can be found on the Driver Service page.
Log output
Getting driver logs can be helpful for debugging issues. The Service class lets you direct where the logs will go. Logging output is ignored unless the user directs it somewhere.
File output
To change the logging output to save to a specific file:
.withLogFile(getLogLocation())
Note: Java also allows setting file output by System Property:
Property key: EdgeDriverService.EDGE_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY
Property value: String representing path to log file
driver = webdriver.Edge(service=service)
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
Console output
To change the logging output to display in the console as STDOUT:
.withLogOutput(System.out)
Note: Java also allows setting console output by System Property;
Property key: EdgeDriverService.EDGE_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY
Property value: DriverService.LOG_STDOUT
or DriverService.LOG_STDERR
$stdout
and $stderr
are both valid values
service.log = $stdout
Log level
There are 6 available log levels: ALL
, DEBUG
, INFO
, WARNING
, SEVERE
, and OFF
.
Note that --verbose
is equivalent to --log-level=ALL
and --silent
is equivalent to --log-level=OFF
,
so this example is just setting the log level generically:
.withLoglevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG)
Note: Java also allows setting log level by System Property:
Property key: EdgeDriverService.EDGE_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY
Property value: String representation of ChromiumDriverLogLevel
enum
driver = webdriver.Edge(service=service)
Log file features
There are 2 features that are only available when logging to a file:
- append log
- readable timestamps
To use them, you need to also explicitly specify the log path and log level. The log output will be managed by the driver, not the process, so minor differences may be seen.
.withAppendLog(true)
.withReadableTimestamp(true)
Note: Java also allows toggling these features by System Property:
Property keys: EdgeDriverService.EDGE_DRIVER_APPEND_LOG_PROPERTY
and EdgeDriverService.EDGE_DRIVER_READABLE_TIMESTAMP
Property value: "true"
or "false"
driver = webdriver.Edge(service=service)
service.args << '--append-log'
service.args << '--readable-timestamp'
Disabling build check
Edge browser and msedgedriver versions should match, and if they don’t the driver will error. If you disable the build check, you can force the driver to be used with any version of Edge. Note that this is an unsupported feature, and bugs will not be investigated.
.withBuildCheckDisabled(true)
Note: Java also allows disabling build checks by System Property:
Property key: EdgeDriverService.EDGE_DRIVER_DISABLE_BUILD_CHECK
Property value: "true"
or "false"
driver = webdriver.Edge(service=service)
service.DisableBuildCheck = true;
Internet Explorer Compatibility モード
Microsoft Edge は、Internet Explorer ドライバークラスを Microsoft Edgeと組み合わせて使用する “Internet Explorer 互換モード"で動かすことができます。 詳細については、Internet Explorerページを参照してください。
Special Features
Some browsers have implemented additional features that are unique to them.
Casting
You can drive Chrome Cast devices with Edge, including sharing tabs
Network conditions
You can simulate various network conditions.
Logs
Permissions
DevTools
See the Chrome DevTools section for more information about using DevTools in Edge
3 - Firefox 固有のCapability
Selenium 4 には Firefox 78 以降が必要です。 常に最新バージョンの geckodriver を使用することをお勧めします。
オプション
全ブラウザに共通のCapabilityについては、オプションページで説明しています。
Firefox に固有のCapabilityは、Mozilla のページの firefoxOptions にあります。
基本的な定義済みのオプションを使用して Firefox セッションを開始すると、以下のようになります。
FirefoxOptions options = new FirefoxOptions();
driver = new FirefoxDriver(options);
options = webdriver.FirefoxOptions()
driver = webdriver.Firefox(options=options)
var options = new FirefoxOptions();
driver = new FirefoxDriver(options);
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.firefox
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :firefox, options: options
let options = new firefox.Options();
driver = await env.builder()
.setFirefoxOptions(options)
.build();
さまざまなCapabilityを備えた一般的な使用例をいくつか示します。
引数
args
パラメータは、ブラウザの起動時に使用するコマンドラインスイッチのリストです。
一般的に使用される引数には、 -headless
と "-profile"
、"/path/to/profile"
が含まれます。
オプションに引数を追加します。
options.addArguments("-headless");
options.add_argument("-headless")
options.AddArgument("-headless");
options.args << '-headless'
let driver = await env.builder()
.setFirefoxOptions(options.addArguments('--headless'))
.build();
指定したロケーションでブラウザを起動する
binary
パラメーターは、使用するブラウザーの別のロケーションのパスを取ります。
たとえば、このパラメーターを使用すると、geckodriver を使用して、製品版とFirefox Nightlyの両方がコンピューターに存在する場合、
製品版の代わりに Firefox Nightly を駆動できます 。
オプションにブラウザーのロケーションを追加します。
options.setBinary(getFirefoxLocation());
options.binary_location = FIREFOX_LOCATION
options.BinaryLocation = GetFirefoxLocation();
options.binary = firefox_location
プロファイル
Firefoxプロファイルを操作するにはいくつかの方法があります。
FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();
FirefoxOptions options = new FirefoxOptions();
options.setProfile(profile);
driver = new RemoteWebDriver(options);
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_profile import FirefoxProfile
options=Options()
firefox_profile = FirefoxProfile()
firefox_profile.set_preference("javascript.enabled", False)
options.profile = firefox_profile
var options = new FirefoxOptions();
var profile = new FirefoxProfile();
options.Profile = profile;
var driver = new RemoteWebDriver(options);
profile = Selenium::WebDriver::Firefox::Profile.new
profile['browser.download.dir'] = "/tmp/webdriver-downloads"
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Firefox::Options.new(profile: profile)
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :firefox, options: options
const { Builder } = require("selenium-webdriver");
const firefox = require('selenium-webdriver/firefox');
const options = new firefox.Options();
let profile = '/path to custom profile';
options.setProfile(profile);
const driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser('firefox')
.setFirefoxOptions(options)
.build();
val options = FirefoxOptions()
options.profile = FirefoxProfile()
driver = RemoteWebDriver(options)
Service
Service settings common to all browsers are described on the Service page.
Log output
Getting driver logs can be helpful for debugging various issues. The Service class lets you direct where the logs will go. Logging output is ignored unless the user directs it somewhere.
File output
To change the logging output to save to a specific file:
.withLogFile(getLogLocation())
Note: Java also allows setting file output by System Property:
Property key: GeckoDriverService.GECKO_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY
Property value: String representing path to log file
service = webdriver.FirefoxService(log_path=log_path, service_args=['--log', 'debug'])
Console output
To change the logging output to display in the console:
.withLogOutput(System.out)
Note: Java also allows setting console output by System Property;
Property key: GeckoDriverService.GECKO_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY
Property value: DriverService.LOG_STDOUT
or DriverService.LOG_STDERR
service = webdriver.FirefoxService(log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
Log level
There are 7 available log levels: fatal
, error
, warn
, info
, config
, debug
, trace
.
If logging is specified the level defaults to info
.
Note that -v
is equivalent to -log debug
and -vv
is equivalent to log trace
,
so this examples is just for setting the log level generically:
.withLogLevel(FirefoxDriverLogLevel.DEBUG)
Note: Java also allows setting log level by System Property:
Property key: GeckoDriverService.GECKO_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY
Property value: String representation of FirefoxDriverLogLevel
enum
service = webdriver.FirefoxService(log_path=log_path, service_args=['--log', 'debug'])
Truncated Logs
The driver logs everything that gets sent to it, including string representations of large binaries, so Firefox truncates lines by default. To turn off truncation:
.withTruncatedLogs(false)
Note: Java also allows setting log level by System Property:
Property key: GeckoDriverService.GECKO_DRIVER_LOG_NO_TRUNCATE
Property value: "true"
or "false"
service = webdriver.FirefoxService(service_args=['--log-no-truncate', '--log', 'debug'], log_path=log_path)
Profile Root
The default directory for profiles is the system temporary directory. If you do not have access to that directory, or want profiles to be created some place specific, you can change the profile root directory:
.withProfileRoot(getTempDirectory())
Note: Java also allows setting log level by System Property:
Property key: GeckoDriverService.GECKO_DRIVER_PROFILE_ROOT
Property value: String representing path to profile root directory
service = webdriver.FirefoxService(service_args=['--profile-root', temp_dir])
Special Features
アドオン
Chromeとは異なり、Firefoxの拡張機能はCapabilityの一部として追加されるのではなく、ドライバーの起動後に作成されます。
Unlike Chrome, Firefox extensions are not added as part of capabilities as mentioned in this issue, they are created after starting the driver.
The following examples are for local webdrivers. For remote webdrivers, please refer to the Remote WebDriver page.
インストール
Mozilla Add-Onsページ から取得する署名付きxpiファイル
driver.installExtension(xpiPath);
driver.install_addon(addon_path)
driver.InstallAddOnFromFile(Path.GetFullPath(extensionFilePath));
driver.install_addon(extension_file_path)
const xpiPath = path.resolve('./test/resources/extensions/selenium-example.xpi')
let driver = await env.builder().build();
let id = await driver.installAddon(xpiPath);
アンインストール
アドオンをアンインストールするには、そのIDを知る必要があります。 IDはアドオンインストール時の戻り値から取得できます。
driver.uninstallExtension(id);
driver.uninstall_addon(id)
driver.uninstall_addon(extension_id)
const xpiPath = path.resolve('./test/resources/extensions/selenium-example.xpi')
let driver = await env.builder().build();
let id = await driver.installAddon(xpiPath);
await driver.uninstallAddon(id);
署名なしのインストール
未完成または未公開の拡張機能を使用する場合、署名されていない可能性があります。 そのため、“一時的なもの” としてのみインストールできます。 これは、zipファイルまたはディレクトリを渡すことで実行できます。ディレクトリの例を次に示します。
driver.installExtension(path, true);
driver.install_addon(addon_path, temporary=True)
driver.InstallAddOnFromDirectory(Path.GetFullPath(extensionDirPath), true);
ページ全体のスクリーンショット
The following examples are for local webdrivers. For remote webdrivers, please refer to the Remote WebDriver page.
コンテキスト
The following examples are for local webdrivers. For remote webdrivers, please refer to the Remote WebDriver page.
4 - IE specific functionality
As of June 2022, Selenium officially no longer supports standalone Internet Explorer. The Internet Explorer driver still supports running Microsoft Edge in “IE Compatibility Mode.”
Special considerations
The IE Driver is the only driver maintained by the Selenium Project directly. While binaries for both the 32-bit and 64-bit versions of Internet Explorer are available, there are some known limitations with the 64-bit driver. As such it is recommended to use the 32-bit driver.
Additional information about using Internet Explorer can be found on the IE Driver Server page
Options
Starting a Microsoft Edge browser in Internet Explorer Compatibility mode with basic defined options looks like this:
InternetExplorerOptions options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.attachToEdgeChrome();
options.withEdgeExecutablePath(getEdgeLocation());
driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(options);
options = webdriver.IeOptions()
options.attach_to_edge_chrome = True
options.edge_executable_path = EDGE_LOCATION
driver = webdriver.Ie(options=options)
var options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.AttachToEdgeChrome = true;
options.EdgeExecutablePath = GetEdgeLocation();
driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(options);
it 'basic options Win10' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.ie
options.attach_to_edge_chrome = true
As of Internet Explorer Driver v4.5.0:
- If IE is not present on the system (default in Windows 11), you do not need to use the two parameters above. IE Driver will use Edge and will automatically locate it.
- If IE and Edge are both present on the system, you only need to set attaching to Edge, IE Driver will automatically locate Edge on your system.
So, if IE is not on the system, you only need:
InternetExplorerOptions options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(options);
options = webdriver.IeOptions()
driver = webdriver.Ie(options=options)
var options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(options);
it 'basic options Win11' do
let driver = await new Builder()
.forBrowser('internet explorer')
.setIEOptions(options)
.build();
<p><a href=/documentation/about/contributing/#moving-examples>
<span class="selenium-badge-code" data-bs-toggle="tooltip" data-bs-placement="right"
title="One or more of these examples need to be implemented in the examples directory; click for details in the contribution guide">Move Code</span></a></p>
val options = InternetExplorerOptions()
val driver = InternetExplorerDriver(options)
Here are a few common use cases with different capabilities:
fileUploadDialogTimeout
環境によっては、ファイルアップロードダイアログを開くときにInternet Explorerがタイムアウトする場合があります。 IEDriverのデフォルトのタイムアウトは1000ミリ秒ですが、fileUploadDialogTimeout capabilityを使用してタイムアウトを増やすことができます。
InternetExplorerOptions options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.waitForUploadDialogUpTo(Duration.ofSeconds(2));
WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(options);
from selenium import webdriver
options = webdriver.IeOptions()
options.file_upload_dialog_timeout = 2000
driver = webdriver.Ie(options=options)
driver.get("http://www.google.com")
driver.quit()
var options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.FileUploadDialogTimeout = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(2000);
var driver = new RemoteWebDriver(options);
options = Selenium::WebDriver::IE::Options.new
options.file_upload_dialog_timeout = 2000
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(:ie, options: options)
const ie = require('selenium-webdriver/ie');
let options = new ie.Options().fileUploadDialogTimeout(2000);
let driver = await Builder()
.setIeOptions(options)
.build();
val options = InternetExplorerOptions()
options.waitForUploadDialogUpTo(Duration.ofSeconds(2))
val driver = RemoteWebDriver(options)
ensureCleanSession
この機能を true
に設定すると、手動またはドライバーによって開始されたものを含め、
InternetExplorerの実行中のすべてのインスタンスのキャッシュ、ブラウザー履歴、およびCookieがクリアされます。
デフォルトでは、false
に設定されています。
この機能を使用すると、ドライバーがIEブラウザーを起動する前にキャッシュがクリアされるまで待機するため、 ブラウザーの起動中にパフォーマンスが低下します。
このケイパビリティは、ブール値をパラメーターとして受け入れます。
InternetExplorerOptions options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.destructivelyEnsureCleanSession();
WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(options);
from selenium import webdriver
options = webdriver.IeOptions()
options.ensure_clean_session = True
driver = webdriver.Ie(options=options)
driver.get("http://www.google.com")
driver.quit()
var options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.EnsureCleanSession = true;
var driver = new RemoteWebDriver(options);
options = Selenium::WebDriver::IE::Options.new
options.ensure_clean_session = true
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(:ie, options: options)
const ie = require('selenium-webdriver/ie');
let options = new ie.Options().ensureCleanSession(true);
let driver = await Builder()
.setIeOptions(options)
.build();
val options = InternetExplorerOptions()
options.destructivelyEnsureCleanSession()
val driver = RemoteWebDriver(options)
ignoreZoomSetting
InternetExplorerドライバーは、ブラウザーのズームレベルが100%であることを想定しています。 それ以外の場合、ドライバーは例外をスローします。 このデフォルトの動作は、 ignoreZoomSetting を true に設定することで無効にできます。
このケイパビリティは、ブール値をパラメーターとして受け入れます。
InternetExplorerOptions options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.ignoreZoomSettings();
WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(options);
from selenium import webdriver
options = webdriver.IeOptions()
options.ignore_zoom_level = True
driver = webdriver.Ie(options=options)
driver.get("http://www.google.com")
driver.quit()
var options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.IgnoreZoomLevel = true;
var driver = new RemoteWebDriver(options);
options = Selenium::WebDriver::IE::Options.new
options.ignore_zoom_level = true
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(:ie, options: options)
const ie = require('selenium-webdriver/ie');
let options = new ie.Options().ignoreZoomSetting(true);
let driver = await Builder()
.setIeOptions(options)
.build();
val options = InternetExplorerOptions()
options.ignoreZoomSettings()
val driver = RemoteWebDriver(options)
ignoreProtectedModeSettings
新しいIEセッションの起動中に 保護モード チェックをスキップするかどうか。
設定されておらず、 保護モード 設定がすべてのゾーンで同じでない場合、 ドライバーによって例外がスローされます。
ケイパビリティを true
に設定すると、テストが不安定になったり、応答しなくなったり、
ブラウザがハングしたりする場合があります。
ただし、これはまだ2番目に良い選択であり、最初の選択は 常に
各ゾーンの保護モード設定を手動で実際に設定することです。
ユーザーがこのプロパティを使用している場合、「ベストエフォート」のみがサポートされます。
このケイパビリティは、ブール値をパラメーターとして受け入れます。
InternetExplorerOptions options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.introduceFlakinessByIgnoringSecurityDomains();
WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(options);
from selenium import webdriver
options = webdriver.IeOptions()
options.ignore_protected_mode_settings = True
driver = webdriver.Ie(options=options)
driver.get("http://www.google.com")
driver.quit()
var options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.IntroduceInstabilityByIgnoringProtectedModeSettings = true;
var driver = new RemoteWebDriver(options);
options = Selenium::WebDriver::IE::Options.new
options.ignore_protected_mode_settings = true
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(:ie, options: options)
const ie = require('selenium-webdriver/ie');
let options = new ie.Options().introduceFlakinessByIgnoringProtectedModeSettings(true);
let driver = await Builder()
.setIeOptions(options)
.build();
val options = InternetExplorerOptions()
options.introduceFlakinessByIgnoringSecurityDomains()
val driver = RemoteWebDriver(options)
silent
true
に設定すると、このケイパビリティはIEDriverServerの診断出力を抑制します。
このケイパビリティは、ブール値をパラメーターとして受け入れます。
InternetExplorerOptions options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.setCapability("silent", true);
WebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(options);
from selenium import webdriver
options = webdriver.IeOptions()
options.set_capability("silent", True)
driver = webdriver.Ie(options=options)
driver.get("http://www.google.com")
driver.quit()
InternetExplorerOptions options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.AddAdditionalInternetExplorerOption("silent", true);
IWebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(options);
<p><a href=/documentation/about/contributing/#creating-examples>
<span class="selenium-badge-code" data-bs-toggle="tooltip" data-bs-placement="right"
title="This code example is missing. Examples are added to the examples directory; click for details in the contribution guide">Add Example</span></a></p>
const {Builder,By, Capabilities} = require('selenium-webdriver');
let caps = Capabilities.ie();
caps.set('silent', true);
(async function example() {
let driver = await new Builder()
.forBrowser('internet explorer')
.withCapabilities(caps)
.build();
try {
await driver.get('http://www.google.com/ncr');
}
finally {
await driver.quit();
}
})();
import org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerOptions
fun main() {
val options = InternetExplorerOptions()
options.setCapability("silent", true)
val driver = InternetExplorerDriver(options)
try {
driver.get("https://google.com/ncr")
val caps = driver.getCapabilities()
println(caps)
} finally {
driver.quit()
}
}
IE Command-Line Options
Internet Explorerには、ブラウザーのトラブルシューティングと構成を可能にするいくつかのコマンドラインオプションが含まれています。
次に、サポートされているいくつかのコマンドラインオプションについて説明します。
-private : IEをプライベートブラウジングモードで起動するために使用されます。 これはIE 8以降のバージョンで機能します。
-k : Internet Explorerをキオスクモードで起動します。 ブラウザは、アドレスバー、ナビゲーションボタン、またはステータスバーを表示しない最大化されたウィンドウで開きます。
-extoff : アドオンなしモードでIEを起動します。 このオプションは、ブラウザーのアドオンに関する問題のトラブルシューティングに特に使用されます。 IE 7以降のバージョンで動作します。
注:コマンドライン引数が機能するためには、 forceCreateProcessApi を順番に有効にする必要があります。
import org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities;
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerOptions;
public class ieTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
InternetExplorerOptions options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.useCreateProcessApiToLaunchIe();
options.addCommandSwitches("-k");
InternetExplorerDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(options);
try {
driver.get("https://google.com/ncr");
Capabilities caps = driver.getCapabilities();
System.out.println(caps);
} finally {
driver.quit();
}
}
}
from selenium import webdriver
options = webdriver.IeOptions()
options.add_argument('-private')
options.force_create_process_api = True
driver = webdriver.Ie(options=options)
driver.get("http://www.google.com")
driver.quit()
using System;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.IE;
namespace ieTest {
class Program {
static void Main(string[] args) {
InternetExplorerOptions options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.ForceCreateProcessApi = true;
options.BrowserCommandLineArguments = "-k";
IWebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(options);
driver.Url = "https://google.com/ncr";
}
}
}
require 'selenium-webdriver'
options = Selenium::WebDriver::IE::Options.new
options.force_create_process_api = true
options.add_argument('-k')
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(:ie, options: options)
begin
driver.get 'https://google.com'
puts(driver.capabilities.to_json)
ensure
driver.quit
end
const ie = require('selenium-webdriver/ie');
let options = new ie.Options();
options.addBrowserCommandSwitches('-k');
options.addBrowserCommandSwitches('-private');
options.forceCreateProcessApi(true);
driver = await env.builder()
.setIeOptions(options)
.build();
import org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerOptions
fun main() {
val options = InternetExplorerOptions()
options.useCreateProcessApiToLaunchIe()
options.addCommandSwitches("-k")
val driver = InternetExplorerDriver(options)
try {
driver.get("https://google.com/ncr")
val caps = driver.getCapabilities()
println(caps);
} finally {
driver.quit()
}
}
forceCreateProcessApi
CreateProcess APIを使用してInternet Explorerを強制的に起動します。 デフォルト値はfalseです。
IE 8以降の場合、このオプションでは “TabProcGrowth” レジストリの値を0に設定する必要があります。
import org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities;
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerOptions;
public class ieTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
InternetExplorerOptions options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.useCreateProcessApiToLaunchIe();
InternetExplorerDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(options);
try {
driver.get("https://google.com/ncr");
Capabilities caps = driver.getCapabilities();
System.out.println(caps);
} finally {
driver.quit();
}
}
}
from selenium import webdriver
options = webdriver.IeOptions()
options.force_create_process_api = True
driver = webdriver.Ie(options=options)
driver.get("http://www.google.com")
driver.quit()
using System;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.IE;
namespace ieTest {
class Program {
static void Main(string[] args) {
InternetExplorerOptions options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.ForceCreateProcessApi = true;
IWebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(options);
driver.Url = "https://google.com/ncr";
}
}
}
require 'selenium-webdriver'
options = Selenium::WebDriver::IE::Options.new
options.force_create_process_api = true
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(:ie, options: options)
begin
driver.get 'https://google.com'
puts(driver.capabilities.to_json)
ensure
driver.quit
end
const ie = require('selenium-webdriver/ie');
let options = new ie.Options();
options.forceCreateProcessApi(true);
driver = await env.builder()
.setIeOptions(options)
.build();
import org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerOptions
fun main() {
val options = InternetExplorerOptions()
options.useCreateProcessApiToLaunchIe()
val driver = InternetExplorerDriver(options)
try {
driver.get("https://google.com/ncr")
val caps = driver.getCapabilities()
println(caps)
} finally {
driver.quit()
}
}
Service
Service settings common to all browsers are described on the Service page.
Log output
Getting driver logs can be helpful for debugging various issues. The Service class lets you direct where the logs will go. Logging output is ignored unless the user directs it somewhere.
File output
To change the logging output to save to a specific file:
.withLogFile(getLogLocation())
Note: Java also allows setting file output by System Property:
Property key: InternetExplorerDriverService.IE_DRIVER_LOGFILE_PROPERTY
Property value: String representing path to log file
def test_log_to_file(log_path):
Console output
To change the logging output to display in the console as STDOUT:
.withLogOutput(System.out)
Note: Java also allows setting console output by System Property;
Property key: InternetExplorerDriverService.IE_DRIVER_LOGFILE_PROPERTY
Property value: DriverService.LOG_STDOUT
or DriverService.LOG_STDERR
Log Level
There are 6 available log levels: FATAL
, ERROR
, WARN
, INFO
, DEBUG
, and TRACE
If logging output is specified, the default level is FATAL
.withLogLevel(InternetExplorerDriverLogLevel.WARN)
Note: Java also allows setting log level by System Property:
Property key: InternetExplorerDriverService.IE_DRIVER_LOGLEVEL_PROPERTY
Property value: String representation of InternetExplorerDriverLogLevel.DEBUG.toString()
enum
@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform != "win32", reason="requires Windows")
service.LoggingLevel = InternetExplorerDriverLogLevel.Warn;
Supporting Files Path
.withExtractPath(getTempDirectory())
service.LibraryExtractionPath = GetTempDirectory();
5 - Safari specific functionality
Unlike Chromium and Firefox drivers, the safaridriver is installed with the Operating System. To enable automation on Safari, run the following command from the terminal:
safaridriver --enable
Options
Capabilities common to all browsers are described on the Options page.
Capabilities unique to Safari can be found at Apple’s page About WebDriver for Safari
Starting a Safari session with basic defined options looks like this:
SafariOptions options = new SafariOptions();
driver = new SafariDriver(options);
options = webdriver.SafariOptions()
driver = webdriver.Safari(options=options)
var options = new SafariOptions();
driver = new SafariDriver(options);
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.safari
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :safari, options: options
let driver = await env.builder()
.setSafariOptions(options)
.build();
val options = SafariOptions()
val driver = SafariDriver(options)
Mobile
Those looking to automate Safari on iOS should look to the Appium project.
Service
Service settings common to all browsers are described on the Service page.
Logging
Unlike other browsers, Safari doesn’t let you choose where logs are output, or change levels. The one option
available is to turn logs off or on. If logs are toggled on, they can be found at:~/Library/Logs/com.apple.WebDriver/
.
.withLogging(true)
Note: Java also allows setting console output by System Property;
Property key: SafariDriverService.SAFARI_DRIVER_LOGGING
Property value: "true"
or "false"
service = webdriver.SafariService(service_args=["--diagnose"])
Safari Technology Preview
Apple provides a development version of their browser — Safari Technology Preview To use this version in your code: