Cada navegador tem capacidades e características únicas.
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Navegadores suportados
- 1: Funcionalidade específica do Chrome
- 2: Funcionalidade específica do Edge
- 3: Funcionalidade específica do Firefox
- 4: Funcionalidade específica do IE
- 5: Funcionalidade específica do Safari
1 - Funcionalidade específica do Chrome
Por omissão, Selenium 4 é compatível com Chrome v75 e superiores. Note que a versão (maior) do navegador e do chromedriver devem ser idênticas.
Opções
Capacidades comuns a todos os navegadores estão descritas na página Opções.
Capacidades únicas ao Chrome podem ser encontradas na página da Google para Capacidades e & ChromeOptions
Este é um exemplo de como iniciar uma sessão Chrome com um conjunto de opções básicas:
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
var options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
const Options = new Chrome.Options();
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(Options)
.build();
Alguns exemplos de uso com capacidades diferentes:
Argumentos
The args
parameter is for a list of command line switches to be used when starting the browser.
There are two excellent resources for investigating these arguments:
Commonly used args include --start-maximized
, --headless=new
and --user-data-dir=...
Add an argument to options:
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
options.AddArgument("--start-maximized");
options.args << '--maximize'
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.addArguments('--headless=new'))
.build();
Iniciar navegador numa localização específica
Adicionar uma localização:
options.setBinary(getChromeLocation());
options.binary_location = CHROME_LOCATION
options.BinaryLocation = GetChromeLocation();
options.binary = chrome_location
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.setChromeBinaryPath(`Path to chrome binary`))
.build();
Adicionar extensões
O parametro extensions
aceita ficheiros crx
The extensions
parameter accepts crx files. As for unpacked directories,
please use the load-extension
argument instead, as mentioned in
this post.
Adicionar uma extensão:
options.addExtensions(extensionPath);
options.add_extension(path)
options.AddExtension(extensionFilePath);
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
const options = new Chrome.Options();
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.addExtensions(['./test/resources/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx']))
.build();
Manter o navegador aberto
Ao definir o parametro detach
para true, irá manter o navegador aberto mesmo depois do driver fechar.
Adicionar detach:
Note: This is already the default behavior in Java.
options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
Note: This is already the default behavior in .NET.
options.detach = true
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.detachDriver(true))
.build();
Excluindo parametros
Chrome adiciona vários parametros, se não os pretende adicionar, passe-os em excludeSwitches
.
Um exemplo comum é voltar a activar o bloqueador de popups. A full list of default arguments can be parsed from the Chromium Source Code
Exclua parametros:
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", ImmutableList.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['disable-popup-blocking'])
options.AddExcludedArgument("disable-popup-blocking");
options.exclude_switches << 'enable-automation'
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.excludeSwitches('enable-automation'))
.build();
Service
Examples for creating a default Service object, and for setting driver location and port can be found on the Driver Service page.
Log output
Getting driver logs can be helpful for debugging issues. The Service class lets you direct where the logs will go. Logging output is ignored unless the user directs it somewhere.
File output
To change the logging output to save to a specific file:
.withLogFile(getLogLocation())
Note: Java also allows setting file output by System Property:
Property key: ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY
Property value: String representing path to log file
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
Console output
To change the logging output to display in the console as STDOUT:
.withLogOutput(System.out)
Note: Java also allows setting console output by System Property;
Property key: ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY
Property value: DriverService.LOG_STDOUT
or DriverService.LOG_STDERR
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
$stdout
and $stderr
are both valid values
service.log = $stdout
Log level
There are 6 available log levels: ALL
, DEBUG
, INFO
, WARNING
, SEVERE
, and OFF
.
Note that --verbose
is equivalent to --log-level=ALL
and --silent
is equivalent to --log-level=OFF
,
so this example is just setting the log level generically:
.withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG)
Note: Java also allows setting log level by System Property:
Property key: ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY
Property value: String representation of ChromiumDriverLogLevel
enum
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--log-level=DEBUG'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
Log file features
There are 2 features that are only available when logging to a file:
- append log
- readable timestamps
To use them, you need to also explicitly specify the log path and log level. The log output will be managed by the driver, not the process, so minor differences may be seen.
.withAppendLog(true)
.withReadableTimestamp(true)
Note: Java also allows toggling these features by System Property:
Property keys: ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_APPEND_LOG_PROPERTY
and ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_READABLE_TIMESTAMP
Property value: "true"
or "false"
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--append-log', '--readable-timestamp'], log_output=log_path)
service.args << '--append-log'
service.args << '--readable-timestamp'
Disabling build check
Chromedriver and Chrome browser versions should match, and if they don’t the driver will error. If you disable the build check, you can force the driver to be used with any version of Chrome. Note that this is an unsupported feature, and bugs will not be investigated.
.withBuildCheckDisabled(true)
Note: Java also allows disabling build checks by System Property:
Property key: ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_DISABLE_BUILD_CHECK
Property value: "true"
or "false"
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--disable-build-check'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
service.DisableBuildCheck = true;
Special Features
Casting
Pode comandar dispositivos Chrome Cast, incluindo partilhar abas
Condições de rede
Pode simular vários estados de rede (como exemplo, simular situações com pouca banda).
The following examples are for local webdrivers. For remote webdrivers, please refer to the Remote WebDriver page.
Logs
Permissões
DevTools
Veja a secção Chrome DevTools para mais informação em como usar Chrome DevTools
2 - Funcionalidade específica do Edge
Microsoft Edge foi criado com recurso ao Chromium, cuja versão mais antiga suportada é a v79. Tal como o Chrome, a versão (maior) do edgedriver deve ser igual à do navegador Edge.
Todas as capacidades e opções encontradas na página Chrome page irão funcionar de igual forma para o Edge.
Opções
Capabilities common to all browsers are described on the Options page.
Capabilities unique to Chromium are documented at Google’s page for Capabilities & ChromeOptions
Este é um exemplo de como iniciar uma sessão Edge com um conjunto de opções básicas:
EdgeOptions options = new EdgeOptions();
driver = new EdgeDriver(options);
options = webdriver.EdgeOptions()
driver = webdriver.Edge(options=options)
var options = new EdgeOptions();
driver = new EdgeDriver(options);
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.edge
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :edge, options: options
driver = await env.builder()
.setEdgeOptions(options)
.build();
});
Argumentos
The args
parameter is for a list of command line switches to be used when starting the browser.
There are two excellent resources for investigating these arguments:
Opções mais frequentes incluem --start-maximized
e --headless=new
e --user-data-dir=...
Adicione uma opção:
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
options.AddArgument("--start-maximized");
options.args << '--maximize'
Start browser in a specified location
The binary
parameter takes the path of an alternate location of browser to use. With this parameter you can
use chromedriver to drive various Chromium based browsers.
Add a browser location to options:
options.setBinary(getEdgeLocation());
options.binary_location = EDGE_LOCATION
options.BinaryLocation = GetEdgeLocation();
options.binary = edge_location
Add extensions
The extensions
parameter accepts crx files. As for unpacked directories,
please use the load-extension
argument instead, as mentioned in
this post.
Add an extension to options:
options.addExtensions(extensionPath);
options.add_extension(path)
options.AddExtension(extensionFilePath);
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
Keeping browser open
Setting the detach
parameter to true will keep the browser open after the process has ended,
so long as the quit command is not sent to the driver.
Note: This is already the default behavior in Java.
Note: This is already the default behavior in .NET.
options.detach = true
Excluding arguments
MSEdgedriver has several default arguments it uses to start the browser.
If you do not want those arguments added, pass them into excludeSwitches
.
A common example is to turn the popup blocker back on. A full list of default arguments
can be parsed from the
Chromium Source Code
Set excluded arguments on options:
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", ImmutableList.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
driver = webdriver.Edge(options=options)
options.AddExcludedArgument("disable-popup-blocking");
options.exclude_switches << 'enable-automation'
Service
Examples for creating a default Service object, and for setting driver location and port can be found on the Driver Service page.
Log output
Getting driver logs can be helpful for debugging issues. The Service class lets you direct where the logs will go. Logging output is ignored unless the user directs it somewhere.
File output
To change the logging output to save to a specific file:
.withLogFile(getLogLocation())
Note: Java also allows setting file output by System Property:
Property key: EdgeDriverService.EDGE_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY
Property value: String representing path to log file
driver = webdriver.Edge(service=service)
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
Console output
To change the logging output to display in the console as STDOUT:
.withLogOutput(System.out)
Note: Java also allows setting console output by System Property;
Property key: EdgeDriverService.EDGE_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY
Property value: DriverService.LOG_STDOUT
or DriverService.LOG_STDERR
$stdout
and $stderr
are both valid values
service.log = $stdout
Log level
There are 6 available log levels: ALL
, DEBUG
, INFO
, WARNING
, SEVERE
, and OFF
.
Note that --verbose
is equivalent to --log-level=ALL
and --silent
is equivalent to --log-level=OFF
,
so this example is just setting the log level generically:
.withLoglevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG)
Note: Java also allows setting log level by System Property:
Property key: EdgeDriverService.EDGE_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY
Property value: String representation of ChromiumDriverLogLevel
enum
driver = webdriver.Edge(service=service)
Log file features
There are 2 features that are only available when logging to a file:
- append log
- readable timestamps
To use them, you need to also explicitly specify the log path and log level. The log output will be managed by the driver, not the process, so minor differences may be seen.
.withAppendLog(true)
.withReadableTimestamp(true)
Note: Java also allows toggling these features by System Property:
Property keys: EdgeDriverService.EDGE_DRIVER_APPEND_LOG_PROPERTY
and EdgeDriverService.EDGE_DRIVER_READABLE_TIMESTAMP
Property value: "true"
or "false"
driver = webdriver.Edge(service=service)
service.args << '--append-log'
service.args << '--readable-timestamp'
Disabling build check
Edge browser and msedgedriver versions should match, and if they don’t the driver will error. If you disable the build check, you can force the driver to be used with any version of Edge. Note that this is an unsupported feature, and bugs will not be investigated.
.withBuildCheckDisabled(true)
Note: Java also allows disabling build checks by System Property:
Property key: EdgeDriverService.EDGE_DRIVER_DISABLE_BUILD_CHECK
Property value: "true"
or "false"
driver = webdriver.Edge(service=service)
service.DisableBuildCheck = true;
Modo compatibilidade Internet Explorer
O Microsoft Edge pode ser controlado em modo “compatibilidade Internet Explorer”, são usadas classes do Internet Explorer Driver em conjunção com o Microsoft Edge. Leia a página Internet Explorer para mais detalhes.
Special Features
Some browsers have implemented additional features that are unique to them.
Casting
You can drive Chrome Cast devices with Edge, including sharing tabs
Network conditions
You can simulate various network conditions.
Logs
Permissions
DevTools
See the Chrome DevTools section for more information about using DevTools in Edge
3 - Funcionalidade específica do Firefox
Por omissão, Selenium 4 é compatível com Firefox 78 ou superior. Recomendamos que use sempre a versão mais recente do geckodriver.
Opções
Capacidades comuns a todos os navegadores estão descritas na página Opções.
Capacidades únicas ao Firefox podem ser encontradas na página da Mozilla para firefoxOptions
Este é um exemplo de como iniciar uma sessão Firefox com um conjunto de opções básicas:
FirefoxOptions options = new FirefoxOptions();
driver = new FirefoxDriver(options);
options = webdriver.FirefoxOptions()
driver = webdriver.Firefox(options=options)
var options = new FirefoxOptions();
driver = new FirefoxDriver(options);
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.firefox
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :firefox, options: options
let options = new firefox.Options();
driver = await env.builder()
.setFirefoxOptions(options)
.build();
Alguns exemplos de uso com capacidades diferentes:
Argumentos
O parametro args
é usado para indicar uma lista de opções ao iniciar o navegador.
Opções mais frequentes incluem -headless
e "-profile", "/path/to/profile"
Adicione uma opção:
options.addArguments("-headless");
options.add_argument("-headless")
options.AddArgument("-headless");
options.args << '-headless'
let driver = await env.builder()
.setFirefoxOptions(options.addArguments('--headless'))
.build();
Iniciar navegador numa localização específica
O parametro binary
é usado contendo o caminho para uma localização específica do navegador.
Como exemplo, pode usar este parametro para indicar ao geckodriver a versão Firefox Nightly ao invés da
versão de produção, quando ambas versões estão presentes no seu computador.
Adicionar uma localização:
options.setBinary(getFirefoxLocation());
options.binary_location = FIREFOX_LOCATION
options.BinaryLocation = GetFirefoxLocation();
options.binary = firefox_location
Perfis
Existem várias formas de trabalhar com perfis Firefox
FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();
FirefoxOptions options = new FirefoxOptions();
options.setProfile(profile);
driver = new RemoteWebDriver(options);
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_profile import FirefoxProfile
options=Options()
firefox_profile = FirefoxProfile()
firefox_profile.set_preference("javascript.enabled", False)
options.profile = firefox_profile
var options = new FirefoxOptions();
var profile = new FirefoxProfile();
options.Profile = profile;
var driver = new RemoteWebDriver(options);
profile = Selenium::WebDriver::Firefox::Profile.new
profile['browser.download.dir'] = "/tmp/webdriver-downloads"
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Firefox::Options.new(profile: profile)
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :firefox, options: options
const { Builder } = require("selenium-webdriver");
const firefox = require('selenium-webdriver/firefox');
const options = new firefox.Options();
let profile = '/path to custom profile';
options.setProfile(profile);
const driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser('firefox')
.setFirefoxOptions(options)
.build();
val options = FirefoxOptions()
options.profile = FirefoxProfile()
driver = RemoteWebDriver(options)
Service
Service settings common to all browsers are described on the Service page.
Log output
Getting driver logs can be helpful for debugging various issues. The Service class lets you direct where the logs will go. Logging output is ignored unless the user directs it somewhere.
File output
To change the logging output to save to a specific file:
.withLogFile(getLogLocation())
Note: Java also allows setting file output by System Property:
Property key: GeckoDriverService.GECKO_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY
Property value: String representing path to log file
service = webdriver.FirefoxService(log_path=log_path, service_args=['--log', 'debug'])
Console output
To change the logging output to display in the console:
.withLogOutput(System.out)
Note: Java also allows setting console output by System Property;
Property key: GeckoDriverService.GECKO_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY
Property value: DriverService.LOG_STDOUT
or DriverService.LOG_STDERR
service = webdriver.FirefoxService(log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
Log level
There are 7 available log levels: fatal
, error
, warn
, info
, config
, debug
, trace
.
If logging is specified the level defaults to info
.
Note that -v
is equivalent to -log debug
and -vv
is equivalent to log trace
,
so this examples is just for setting the log level generically:
.withLogLevel(FirefoxDriverLogLevel.DEBUG)
Note: Java also allows setting log level by System Property:
Property key: GeckoDriverService.GECKO_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY
Property value: String representation of FirefoxDriverLogLevel
enum
service = webdriver.FirefoxService(log_path=log_path, service_args=['--log', 'debug'])
Truncated Logs
The driver logs everything that gets sent to it, including string representations of large binaries, so Firefox truncates lines by default. To turn off truncation:
.withTruncatedLogs(false)
Note: Java also allows setting log level by System Property:
Property key: GeckoDriverService.GECKO_DRIVER_LOG_NO_TRUNCATE
Property value: "true"
or "false"
service = webdriver.FirefoxService(service_args=['--log-no-truncate', '--log', 'debug'], log_path=log_path)
Profile Root
The default directory for profiles is the system temporary directory. If you do not have access to that directory, or want profiles to be created some place specific, you can change the profile root directory:
.withProfileRoot(getTempDirectory())
Note: Java also allows setting log level by System Property:
Property key: GeckoDriverService.GECKO_DRIVER_PROFILE_ROOT
Property value: String representing path to profile root directory
service = webdriver.FirefoxService(service_args=['--profile-root', temp_dir])
Special Features
Extras
Ao invés do Chrome, os extras do Firefos não são adicionados como parte das capacidades, mas sim após iniciar o driver.
Unlike Chrome, Firefox extensions are not added as part of capabilities as mentioned in this issue, they are created after starting the driver.
The following examples are for local webdrivers. For remote webdrivers, please refer to the Remote WebDriver page.
Instalação
Um arquivo xpi que pode ser obtido da página Mozilla Extras
driver.installExtension(xpiPath);
driver.install_addon(addon_path)
driver.InstallAddOnFromFile(Path.GetFullPath(extensionFilePath));
driver.install_addon(extension_file_path)
const xpiPath = path.resolve('./test/resources/extensions/selenium-example.xpi')
let driver = await env.builder().build();
let id = await driver.installAddon(xpiPath);
Desinstalação
Desinstalar uma extensão implica saber o seu id que pode ser obtido como valor de retorno durante a instalação.
driver.uninstallExtension(id);
driver.uninstall_addon(id)
driver.uninstall_addon(extension_id)
const xpiPath = path.resolve('./test/resources/extensions/selenium-example.xpi')
let driver = await env.builder().build();
let id = await driver.installAddon(xpiPath);
await driver.uninstallAddon(id);
Instalação de extensões não assinadas
Quando trabalhar em uma extensão não terminada ou não publicada, provavelmente ela não estará assinada. Desta forma, só pode ser instalada como “temporária”. Isto pode ser feito passando uma arquivo ZIP ou uma pasta, este é um exemplo com uma pasta:
driver.installExtension(path, true);
driver.install_addon(addon_path, temporary=True)
driver.InstallAddOnFromDirectory(Path.GetFullPath(extensionDirPath), true);
Captura de tela inteira
The following examples are for local webdrivers. For remote webdrivers, please refer to the Remote WebDriver page.
Contexto
The following examples are for local webdrivers. For remote webdrivers, please refer to the Remote WebDriver page.
4 - Funcionalidade específica do IE
Desde Junho de 2022, o Projecto Selenium deixou de suportar oficialmente o navegador Internet Explorer. O driver Internet Explorer continua a suportar a execução do Microsoft Edge no modo “IE Compatibility Mode.”
Considerações especiais
O IE Driver é o único driver mantido directamente pelo Projecto Selenium. Embora existam binários para as versões de 32 e 64 bits, existem algumas limitações conhecidas com o driver de 64 bits. Desta forma, recomenda-se a utilização do driver de 32 bits.
Informação adicional sobre como usar o Internet Explorer pode ser encontrada na página IE Driver Server
Opções
Este é um exemplo de como iniciar o navegador Microsoft Edge em modo compatibilidade Internet Explorer usando um conjunto de opções básicas:
InternetExplorerOptions options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.attachToEdgeChrome();
options.withEdgeExecutablePath(getEdgeLocation());
driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(options);
options = webdriver.IeOptions()
options.attach_to_edge_chrome = True
options.edge_executable_path = EDGE_LOCATION
driver = webdriver.Ie(options=options)
var options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.AttachToEdgeChrome = true;
options.EdgeExecutablePath = GetEdgeLocation();
driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(options);
it 'basic options Win10' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.ie
options.attach_to_edge_chrome = true
A partir do driver versão v4.5.0:
- Se o IE não estiver presente no sistema (ausente por omissão no Windows 11), não necessita usar os parametros “attachToEdgeChrome” e “withEdgeExecutablePath”, pois o IE Driver irá encontrar e usar o Edge automaticamente.
- Se o IE e o Edge estiverem ambos presentes no sistema, use o parametro “attachToEdgeChrome”, o IE Driver irá encontrar e usar o Edge automaticamente.
So, if IE is not on the system, you only need:
InternetExplorerOptions options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(options);
options = webdriver.IeOptions()
driver = webdriver.Ie(options=options)
var options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(options);
it 'basic options Win11' do
let driver = await new Builder()
.forBrowser('internet explorer')
.setIEOptions(options)
.build();
<p><a href=/documentation/about/contributing/#moving-examples>
<span class="selenium-badge-code" data-bs-toggle="tooltip" data-bs-placement="right"
title="One or more of these examples need to be implemented in the examples directory; click for details in the contribution guide">Move Code</span></a></p>
val options = InternetExplorerOptions()
val driver = InternetExplorerDriver(options)
Aqui pode ver alguns exemplos de utilização com capacidades diferentes:
fileUploadDialogTimeout
Em alguns ambientes, o Internet Explorer pode expirar ao abrir a Caixa de Diálogo de upload de arquivo. O IEDriver tem um tempo limite padrão de 1000 ms, mas você pode aumentar o tempo limite usando o recurso fileUploadDialogTimeout.
InternetExplorerOptions options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.waitForUploadDialogUpTo(Duration.ofSeconds(2));
WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(options);
from selenium import webdriver
options = webdriver.IeOptions()
options.file_upload_dialog_timeout = 2000
driver = webdriver.Ie(options=options)
# Navegar para Url
driver.get("http://www.google.com")
driver.quit()
var options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.FileUploadDialogTimeout = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(2000);
var driver = new RemoteWebDriver(options);
options = Selenium::WebDriver::IE::Options.new
options.file_upload_dialog_timeout = 2000
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(:ie, options: options)
const ie = require('selenium-webdriver/ie');
let options = new ie.Options().fileUploadDialogTimeout(2000);
let driver = await Builder()
.setIeOptions(options)
.build();
val options = InternetExplorerOptions()
options.waitForUploadDialogUpTo(Duration.ofSeconds(2))
val driver = RemoteWebDriver(options)
ensureCleanSession
Quando definido como true
, este recurso limpa o Cache,
Histórico do navegador e cookies para todas as instâncias em execução
do InternetExplorer, incluindo aquelas iniciadas manualmente
ou pelo driver. Por padrão, é definido como false
.
Usar este recurso causará queda de desempenho quando iniciar o navegador, pois o driver irá esperar até que o cache seja limpo antes de iniciar o navegador IE.
Esse recurso aceita um valor booleano como parâmetro.
InternetExplorerOptions options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.destructivelyEnsureCleanSession();
WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(options);
from selenium import webdriver
options = webdriver.IeOptions()
options.ensure_clean_session = True
driver = webdriver.Ie(options=options)
# Navegar para Url
driver.get("http://www.google.com")
driver.quit()
var options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.EnsureCleanSession = true;
var driver = new RemoteWebDriver(options);
options = Selenium::WebDriver::IE::Options.new
options.ensure_clean_session = true
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(:ie, options: options)
const ie = require('selenium-webdriver/ie');
let options = new ie.Options().ensureCleanSession(true);
let driver = await Builder()
.setIeOptions(options)
.build();
val options = InternetExplorerOptions()
options.destructivelyEnsureCleanSession()
val driver = RemoteWebDriver(options)
ignoreZoomSetting
O driver do InternetExplorer espera que o nível de zoom do navegador seja de 100%, caso contrário, o driver lançará uma exceção. Este comportamento padrão pode ser desativado definindo ignoreZoomSetting como true.
Esse recurso aceita um valor booleano como parâmetro.
InternetExplorerOptions options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.ignoreZoomSettings();
WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(options);
from selenium import webdriver
options = webdriver.IeOptions()
options.ignore_zoom_level = True
driver = webdriver.Ie(options=options)
# Navegar para Url
driver.get("http://www.google.com")
driver.quit()
var options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.IgnoreZoomLevel = true;
var driver = new RemoteWebDriver(options);
options = Selenium::WebDriver::IE::Options.new
options.ignore_zoom_level = true
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(:ie, options: options)
const ie = require('selenium-webdriver/ie');
let options = new ie.Options().ignoreZoomSetting(true);
let driver = await Builder()
.setIeOptions(options)
.build();
val options = InternetExplorerOptions()
options.ignoreZoomSettings()
val driver = RemoteWebDriver(options)
ignoreProtectedModeSettings
Se deve ignorar a verificação do Modo protegido durante o lançamento uma nova sessão do IE.
Se não for definido e as configurações do Modo protegido não forem iguais para todas as zonas, uma exceção será lançada pelo driver.
Se a capacidade for definida como true
, os testes podem
tornar-se instáveis, não responderem ou os navegadores podem travar.
No entanto, esta ainda é de longe a segunda melhor escolha,
e a primeira escolha sempre deve ser
definir as configurações do Modo protegido de cada zona manualmente.
Se um usuário estiver usando esta propriedade,
apenas um “melhor esforço” no suporte será dado.
Esse recurso aceita um valor booleano como parâmetro.
InternetExplorerOptions options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.introduceFlakinessByIgnoringSecurityDomains();
WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(options);
from selenium import webdriver
options = webdriver.IeOptions()
options.ignore_protected_mode_settings = True
driver = webdriver.Ie(options=options)
# Navegar para Url
driver.get("http://www.google.com")
driver.quit()
var options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.IntroduceInstabilityByIgnoringProtectedModeSettings = true;
var driver = new RemoteWebDriver(options);
options = Selenium::WebDriver::IE::Options.new
options.ignore_protected_mode_settings = true
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(:ie, options: options)
const ie = require('selenium-webdriver/ie');
let options = new ie.Options().introduceFlakinessByIgnoringProtectedModeSettings(true);
let driver = await Builder()
.setIeOptions(options)
.build();
val options = InternetExplorerOptions()
options.introduceFlakinessByIgnoringSecurityDomains()
val driver = RemoteWebDriver(options)
silent
Quando definido como true
, esse recurso suprime a
saída de diagnóstico do IEDriverServer.
Esse recurso aceita um valor booleano como parâmetro.
InternetExplorerOptions options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.setCapability("silent", true);
WebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(options);
from selenium import webdriver
options = webdriver.IeOptions()
options.set_capability("silent", True)
driver = webdriver.Ie(options=options)
# Navegar para Url
driver.get("http://www.google.com")
driver.quit()
InternetExplorerOptions options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.AddAdditionalInternetExplorerOption("silent", true);
IWebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(options);
# Por favor inclua um PR para adicionar uma amostra de código
const {Builder,By, Capabilities} = require('selenium-webdriver');
let caps = Capabilities.ie();
caps.set('silent', true);
(async function example() {
let driver = await new Builder()
.forBrowser('internet explorer')
.withCapabilities(caps)
.build();
try {
await driver.get('http://www.google.com/ncr');
}
finally {
await driver.quit();
}
})();
import org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerOptions
fun main() {
val options = InternetExplorerOptions()
options.setCapability("silent", true)
val driver = InternetExplorerDriver(options)
try {
driver.get("https://google.com/ncr")
val caps = driver.getCapabilities()
println(caps)
} finally {
driver.quit()
}
}
Opções de linha de comando do IE
O Internet Explorer inclui várias opções de linha de comando que permitem solucionar problemas e configurar o navegador.
Os seguintes pontos descrevem algumas opções de linha de comando com suporte
-private: Usado para iniciar o IE no modo de navegação privada. Isso funciona para o IE 8 e versões posteriores.
-k: Inicia o Internet Explorer no modo quiosque. O navegador é aberto em uma janela maximizada que não exibe a barra de endereço, os botões de navegação ou a barra de status.
-extoff: Inicia o IE no modo sem add-on. Esta opção é usada especificamente para solucionar problemas com complementos do navegador. Funciona no IE 7 e versões posteriores.
Nota: forceCreateProcessApi deve ser habilitado para que os argumentos da linha de comando funcionem.
import org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities;
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerOptions;
public class ieTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
InternetExplorerOptions options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.useCreateProcessApiToLaunchIe();
options.addCommandSwitches("-k");
InternetExplorerDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(options);
try {
driver.get("https://google.com/ncr");
Capabilities caps = driver.getCapabilities();
System.out.println(caps);
} finally {
driver.quit();
}
}
}
from selenium import webdriver
options = webdriver.IeOptions()
options.add_argument('-private')
options.force_create_process_api = True
driver = webdriver.Ie(options=options)
# Navegar para Url
driver.get("http://www.google.com")
driver.quit()
using System;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.IE;
namespace ieTest {
class Program {
static void Main(string[] args) {
InternetExplorerOptions options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.ForceCreateProcessApi = true;
options.BrowserCommandLineArguments = "-k";
IWebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(options);
driver.Url = "https://google.com/ncr";
}
}
}
require 'selenium-webdriver'
options = Selenium::WebDriver::IE::Options.new
options.force_create_process_api = true
options.add_argument('-k')
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(:ie, options: options)
begin
# Navegar para URL
driver.get 'https://google.com'
puts(driver.capabilities.to_json)
ensure
driver.quit
end
const ie = require('selenium-webdriver/ie');
let options = new ie.Options();
options.addBrowserCommandSwitches('-k');
options.addBrowserCommandSwitches('-private');
options.forceCreateProcessApi(true);
driver = await env.builder()
.setIeOptions(options)
.build();
import org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerOptions
fun main() {
val options = InternetExplorerOptions()
options.useCreateProcessApiToLaunchIe()
options.addCommandSwitches("-k")
val driver = InternetExplorerDriver(options)
try {
driver.get("https://google.com/ncr")
val caps = driver.getCapabilities()
println(caps)
} finally {
driver.quit()
}
}
forceCreateProcessApi
Força a inicialização do Internet Explorer usando a API CreateProcess. O valor padrão é falso.
Para IE 8 e superior, esta opção requer que o valor de registro “TabProcGrowth” seja definido como 0.
import org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities;
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerOptions;
public class ieTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
InternetExplorerOptions options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.useCreateProcessApiToLaunchIe();
InternetExplorerDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(options);
try {
driver.get("https://google.com/ncr");
Capabilities caps = driver.getCapabilities();
System.out.println(caps);
} finally {
driver.quit();
}
}
}
from selenium import webdriver
options = webdriver.IeOptions()
options.force_create_process_api = True
driver = webdriver.Ie(options=options)
# Navegar para Url
driver.get("http://www.google.com")
driver.quit()
using System;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.IE;
namespace ieTest {
class Program {
static void Main(string[] args) {
InternetExplorerOptions options = new InternetExplorerOptions();
options.ForceCreateProcessApi = true;
IWebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(options);
driver.Url = "https://google.com/ncr";
}
}
}
require 'selenium-webdriver'
options = Selenium::WebDriver::IE::Options.new
options.force_create_process_api = true
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(:ie, options: options)
begin
# Navegar para Url
driver.get 'https://google.com'
puts(driver.capabilities.to_json)
ensure
driver.quit
end
const ie = require('selenium-webdriver/ie');
let options = new ie.Options();
options.forceCreateProcessApi(true);
driver = await env.builder()
.setIeOptions(options)
.build();
import org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerOptions
fun main() {
val options = InternetExplorerOptions()
options.useCreateProcessApiToLaunchIe()
val driver = InternetExplorerDriver(options)
try {
driver.get("https://google.com/ncr")
val caps = driver.getCapabilities()
println(caps)
} finally {
driver.quit()
}
}
Service
Service settings common to all browsers are described on the Service page.
Log output
Getting driver logs can be helpful for debugging various issues. The Service class lets you direct where the logs will go. Logging output is ignored unless the user directs it somewhere.
File output
To change the logging output to save to a specific file:
.withLogFile(getLogLocation())
Note: Java also allows setting file output by System Property:
Property key: InternetExplorerDriverService.IE_DRIVER_LOGFILE_PROPERTY
Property value: String representing path to log file
def test_log_to_file(log_path):
Console output
To change the logging output to display in the console as STDOUT:
.withLogOutput(System.out)
Note: Java also allows setting console output by System Property;
Property key: InternetExplorerDriverService.IE_DRIVER_LOGFILE_PROPERTY
Property value: DriverService.LOG_STDOUT
or DriverService.LOG_STDERR
Log Level
There are 6 available log levels: FATAL
, ERROR
, WARN
, INFO
, DEBUG
, and TRACE
If logging output is specified, the default level is FATAL
.withLogLevel(InternetExplorerDriverLogLevel.WARN)
Note: Java also allows setting log level by System Property:
Property key: InternetExplorerDriverService.IE_DRIVER_LOGLEVEL_PROPERTY
Property value: String representation of InternetExplorerDriverLogLevel.DEBUG.toString()
enum
@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform != "win32", reason="requires Windows")
service.LoggingLevel = InternetExplorerDriverLogLevel.Warn;
Supporting Files Path
.withExtractPath(getTempDirectory())
service.LibraryExtractionPath = GetTempDirectory();
5 - Funcionalidade específica do Safari
Ao invés dos drivers para Chromium e Firefox, o safaridriver faz parte to sistema Operativo. Para activar a automação no Safari, execute o seguinte comando no terminal:
safaridriver --enable
Opções
Capacidades comuns a todos os navegadores estão descritas na página Opções.
Capacidades únicas ao Safari podem ser encontradas na página da Apple WebDriver para Safari
Este é um exemplo de como iniciar uma sessão Safari com um conjunto de opções básicas::
SafariOptions options = new SafariOptions();
driver = new SafariDriver(options);
options = webdriver.SafariOptions()
driver = webdriver.Safari(options=options)
var options = new SafariOptions();
driver = new SafariDriver(options);
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.safari
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :safari, options: options
let driver = await env.builder()
.setSafariOptions(options)
.build();
val options = SafariOptions()
val driver = SafariDriver(options)
Mobile (celular)
Se pretende automatizar Safari em iOS, deve olhar para o Projecto Appium.
Service
Service settings common to all browsers are described on the Service page.
Logging
Unlike other browsers, Safari doesn’t let you choose where logs are output, or change levels. The one option
available is to turn logs off or on. If logs are toggled on, they can be found at:~/Library/Logs/com.apple.WebDriver/
.
.withLogging(true)
Note: Java also allows setting console output by System Property;
Property key: SafariDriverService.SAFARI_DRIVER_LOGGING
Property value: "true"
or "false"
service = webdriver.SafariService(service_args=["--diagnose"])
Safari Technology Preview
Apple provides a development version of their browser — Safari Technology Preview To use this version in your code: